CareerCup

Given an unsorted array. for example [2, 3, 1, 4, 5].
Sort the array, we have new array [1, 2, 3, 4, 5],
if we draw the line between the 2 arrays for the same number, for example:

[3, 2, 1,4,5]
\ | /
\|/
/|\
[1, 2, 3,4,5]
then we have 3 line-cross:

line (1 to 1) cross line (2 to 2)
line (1 to 1) cross line (3 to 3)
line (2 to 2) cross line (3 to 3)
Note: the line between two 4s and the line between two 5s don't cross any other lines;

Implement the algorithm to calculate the how many line crosses for an unsorted array.

You are given an alphanumeric string. Complete the function sortSegments that will segment the string into substrings of consecutive letters or numbers and then sort the substrings.

For example, the string "AZQF013452BAB" will result in "AFQZ012345ABB". The input letters will be uppercase and numbers will be between 0 and 9 inclusive.

You are given an integer array n. Complete the function sortIntegers which takes as an argument, an integer array n of up to 1 million integers such that 1 <= n_i <= 10.
for every element n_i in the array, and returns the sorted array. The sort does not need to occur in-place.
Please do not call a standard sorting function like quicksort, you can do better. A sample input is {3, 1, 4, 1, 5, 9, 2, 6, 5} and the corresponding output is {1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5, 6, 9}. Constraints: i <= 10^9; 1 <= n_i <= 10

This was a 3 hours coding round in which we had to code 1 problem having 50 test cases. Only those students were selected for the next round who passed all the test cases. Here is the question:
You’ll be given a grid as below:

0 1 0 2 0
0 2 2 2 1
0 2 1 1 1
1 0 1 0 0
0 0 1 2 2
1 1 0 0 1
x x S x x
In the grid above,
1: This cell has a coin.
2: This cell has an enemy.
0: It contains nothing.
The highlighted(yellow) zone is the control zone. S is a spaceship that we need to control so that we can get maximum coins.
Now, S’s initial position will be at the center and we can only move it right or left by one cell or do not move.
At each time, the non-highlighted part of the grid will move down by one unit.
We can also use a bomb but only once. If we use that, all the enemies in the 5×5 region above the control zone will be killed.
If we use a bomb at the very beginning, the grid will look like this:

0 1 0 2 0
0 0 0 0 1
0 0 1 1 1
1 0 1 0 0
0 0 1 0 0
1 1 0 0 1
x x S x x
As soon as, the spaceship encounters an enemy or the entire grid has come down, the game ends.
For example,
At the very first instance, if we want to collect a coin we should move left( coins=1). This is because when the grid comes down by 1 unit we have a coin on the second position and by moving left we can collect that coin. Next, we should move right to collect another coin( coins=2).
After this, remain at the same position( coins=4).
This is the current situation after collecting 4 coins.

0 1 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 0
0 2 2 2 1 -->after using 0 0 0 0 1
x x S x x -->bomb x x S x x
Now, we can use the bomb to get out of this situation. After this, we can collect at most 1 coin. So maximum coins=5.

Employees Per Department
Twitter Interview Online Test SQL

A company uses 2 data tables, Employee and Department, to store data about its employees and departments.

Table Name: Employee
Attributes:
ID Integer,
NAME String,
SALARY Integer,
DEPT_ID Integer

Table Name: Department
Attributes:
DEPT_ID Integer,
Name String,
LOCATION String

View sample tables:
https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/aonecode/techblog/50cfcdd1d61f1bd6002cf4d3b4a61deb-min.jpeg

Write a query to print the respective Department Name and number of employees for all departments in the Department table (even unstaffed ones).

Sort your result in descending order of employees per department; if two or more departments have the same number of employees, then sort those departments alphabetically by Department Name.

The numbers on a telephone keypad are arranged thus:

1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
  0

Starting from any digit, and choosing successive digits as a knight moves in chess, determine how many different paths can be formed of length n. There is no need to make a list of the paths, only to count them.

A knight moves two steps either horizontally or vertically followed by one step in the perpendicular direction; thus, from the digit 1 on the keypad a knight can move to digits 6 or 8, and from the digit 4 on the keypad a knight can move to digits 3, 9 or 0. A path may visit the same digit more than once.

Your task is to write a function that determines the number of paths of length n that a knight can trace on a keyboard starting from any digit .
public int findNumberOfPaths(int digit, int step){

## This is the text editor interface.
## Anything you type or change here will be seen by the other person in real time.
# Implement the function that takes a board string
# and decodes it into the representative 2D array.
#
# |_|_|_|_|_|_|_|
# |_|_|r|_|_|_|_|
# |b|r|b|r|b|r|_|
# |b|b|b|r|r|b|_|
# |b|r|r|b|b|r|_|
# |r|b|b|r|r|r|b|
# CFN: 9_r4_brbrbr_3b2rb_b2r2br_r2b3rb
#
# This function should return a list of lists of strings.
# (i.e. a string[6][7]). The strings should be one of:
# * 'r' to indicate a red piece
# * 'b' to indicate a black piece
# * '_' to indicate an empty space
#
# The input string is not necessarily a valid
# CFN board string. It is guaranteed not-empty.

III. Square root of a number?

IV. Expression operators? Add signs (+, -, *, /) to a string to form target

V. Top trending posts in last 5m, 1H, 1Day?

I. Closest K nodes to a target in BST? (Do it in O(n)?)

II. Nested List sum?

Generate a random binary tree, with equal probability.

Median of Stream of Running Integers
Note: The integers are in particular range from 1..n
The time complexity of the code should be o(n)

If you are given 2 infinitely large integers in the form of strings, given the length of the string, find the product of the two integers.

How will you multiply two infinitely large integers.

Solve the 24 Game

Problem:
Given 100 stones, two players alternate to take stones out. One can take any number from 1 to 15; however, one cannot take any number that was already taken. If in the end of the game, there is k stones left, but 1 - k have all been previously taken, one can take k stones. The one who takes the last stone wins. How can the first player always win?

My Idea
Use recursion (or dynamic programming). Base case 1, where player 1 has a winning strategy.
Reducing: for n stones left, if palyer 1 takes m1 stones, he has to ensure that for all options player 2 has (m2), he has a winning strategy. Thus the problem is reduced to (n - m1 - m2).

Follow Up Question:
If one uses DP, the potential number of tables to be filled is large (2^15), since the available options left depend on the history, which has 2^15 possibilities.
How can you optimize?

I don't have a great answer to the follow up question。。。

Round4
Starting from num = 0, add 2^i (where i can be any non-negative integer) to num until num == N. Print all paths of how num turns from 0 to N.
For example if N = 4,
Paths printed are [0,1,2,3,4], [0,1,2,4], [0,1,3,4], [0,2,4], [0,2,3,4], [0,4].
[0,2,4] is made from 0 + 2^1 + 2^1. [0,1,3,4] from 0 + 2^0 + 2^1 + 2^0

Round3
For N light bulbs, implement two methods
I. isOn(int i) - find if the ith bulb is on or off.
II. toggle(int start, int end)

Round1
Find if two people in a family tree are blood-related.

Round2
Given some nodes in a singly linked list, how many groups of consecutively connected nodes there is.
For linked list
0->1->2->3->4->5->6,
given nodes 1, 3, 5, 6
there are 3 groups [1], [3], and [5, 6].

Explain the linear piecewise function.

Explain event driven programming in C with example

We have N gas stations, and we are given all the distances between each pair of station. So we have nC2 distances provided to us. For example if I have 3 stations namely A, B, C the distances provided will be AB, AC, BC. We have to find the exact position of each gas station provided with these nC2 distances.

eg. we have 5 stations so 5C2 distances are given in random order - 10, 20, 70, 80, 30, 20, 100, 70, 50, 90

Output the exact positions of gas stations A, B, C, D, E
i.e
A - 0
B - 10
C - 30
D - 80
E - 100

refer this image for more clarity

https://drive.google.com/open?id=0BxPkptdH01OBZzEwX29iRGI4cEU

Round 5:
Given a set of synonyms such as (fast, quick), (fast, speedy), (learn, study), decides if two sentences were synonymous.
(The sentences were structurally the same and has the same number of words in them.
The synonymous relation [fast ~ quick] and [fast ~ speedy] does not necessarily mean [quick ~ speedy].)

Follow-up:
If the synonymous relation passes down so that [fast ~ quick] and [fast ~ speedy] implies [quick ~ speedy], decide if two sentences were synonymous.

Round 4:
Implement a class Employment with these 3 methods: assignManager(p1, p2): assign p1 as p2's manager. beColleague(p1, p2): make p1 and p2 peer colleagues. isManager((p1, p2): decide if p1 is the manager of p2.

Round 3
Given a matrix of 0s and 1s where 0 is wall and 1 is pathway, print the shortest path from the first row to the last row.
Can walk to the left, top, right, bottom at any given spot.

Follow-up:
If every pathway takes a cost (positive integer) to get through, print the minimum cost path from the first row to the last row.

Google on-site June
Round 1
Leetcode 10

Round 2
Select a random point uniformly within a rectangle, (The side of rectangle is parallel to the x/ y grid).

Follow-up: Given multiple non-overlapped rectangles on the 2D grid, uniformly select a random point from the rectangles.

Phone Interview Amazon, Seattle
I. Get the sum of all prime numbers up to N. primeSum(N).
Follow-up: If primeSum(N) is frequently called, how to optimize it.

II. OODesign Parking Lot

Given a list of input tasks to run, and the cooldown interval, output the minimum number of time slots required to run them.
// Tasks: 1, 1, 2, 1, 2
// Recovery interval (cooldown): 2
// Output: 8 (order is 1 _ _ 1 2 _ 1 2 )

=========
Tasks are task numbers in that order coming in for execution. Cooling time is time interval required to cool down the machine after executing a task. So it's like if CPU executed task 1 then it needs 2 cooling time intervals before executing another task 1 but meanwhile, it can execute other tasks which are not same as 1 and so on. So before executing any task, you have to check if you have executed same task number before and if yes, then if its cooling time interval is done or not.
The output is basically the number of cycles/time slots CPU took to execute these tasks in that order (including when task executed and cooling intervals).

Apple Map Team
1. Given an array A and some queries, query(i, j) returns the result of Ai*...*Aj, in other words the multiplication from Ai to Aj.
The numbers in A are non-negative.
Implement query(i, j).

2. Flatten nested linked list

3. POI search design

4. LC238 & LC279

You are given an old touch smartphone numbers having dial pad and calculator app.


Aim: The goal is to type a number on dialpad.

But as phone is old, some of the numbers and some operations can't be touched.
For eg. 2,3,5,9 keys are not responding , i.e you cannot use them
But you can always make a number using other numbers and operations in Calculator. There could be multiple ways of making a number

.Calculator have 1-9 and +,-,*,/,= as operations. Once you have made the number in Calculator you can copy the number and use it.

You have to find minimum number to touches required to obtain a number.


#Input:#
There will be multiple Test cases .Each test case will consist of 4 lines
1) First line will consist of N,M,O
N: no of keys working in Dialpad (out of 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9)
M:types of operations supported (+,-,*,/)
O: Max no of touches allowed

2) second line of input contains the digits that are working e.g 0,2,3,4,6.
3) Third line contains the valued describing operations, 1(+),2(-),3(*),4(/)

4) fourth line contains the number that we want to make .

#Output:#
Output contains 1 line printing the number of touches required to make the number


#Sample Test Case:#
1 // No of test cases
5 3 5 // N ,M, O
1 2 4 6 0 // digits that are working (total number of digits = N),
1 2 3 // describing operations allowed (1--> '+', 2--> '-', 3--> '*' , 4--> '/' )(total number is equals to M)
5 // number we want to make


Answer 3
How 4? 1+4= , "=" is also counted as a touch



2nd Sample Case
3 // No of Test cases
6 4 5 // N ,M, O
1 2 4 6 9 8 // digits that are working (total number of digits = N),
1 2 3 4 // describing operations allowed (1--> +, 2--> -, 3--> , 4-->/)
91 // number we want to make
6 2 4 // 2nd test case
0 1 3 5 7 9
1 2 4 // +, -, / allowed here
28
5 2 10
1 2 6 7 8
2 3 // -, allowed
981

#Output:#
2 // 91 can be made by directly entering 91 as 1,9 digits are working, so only 2 operations
5// 35-7=, other ways are 1+3*7=
9//62*16-11=


Order for computation will be followed as symbols entered, if + comes, it will be computed first


One more example: lets say 1,4,6,7,8,9 works and +,-,* works.
2,3,5 and / doesn't work.
If you have to type 18-> 2 operations. (Each touch is considered an operation),br> If you have to type 5 -> '1+4=' that requires 4 operations. There could be other ways to make '5'.

Complete the puzzle which simulates generic directory structures.
* The solution should be directory agnostic.
* Be succinct yet readable. You should not exceed more than 200 lines.
* Consider adding comments and asserts to help the understading.
* Code can be compiled with javac Directory.java
* Code should be executed as: java -ea Directory (-ea option it's to enabled the assert)
*/


/**
* change the code here.
*/
class Shell {

Shell cd(final String path) {
return this;
}

public String path() {
return "/";
}
}

public class Directory {

public static void main(String[] args) {

final Shell shell = new Shell();
assert shell.path().equals("/");

shell.cd("/");
assert shell.path().equals("/");

shell.cd("usr/..");
assert shell.path().equals("/");

shell.cd("usr").cd("local");
shell.cd("../local").cd("./");
assert shell.path().equals("/usr/local");

shell.cd("..");
assert shell.path().equals("/usr");

shell.cd("//lib///");
assert shell.path().equals("/lib");
}
}